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What are the European Directives? They are European laws.
The Member States of the European Community have the duty of accept them and transform them into law of the state in a limited time.
The Directives have the purpose to regulate the putting of products on the market.
The European legislator charges the European regulations agency, CEN or CENELEC, to write up the regulations of support to the Directives.
Such norms, if respected, allow to demonstrate the correspondence of the products to the Directive in object. They are harmonized regulations, which are recognized from all the Member States of the European Community.
The automated lockings must complying with the following Directives:
1. Machinery safety
2. Low Voltage
3. Electromagnetic compatibility
The Machinery, Low Voltage and Electromagnetic compatibility Directives must be cited in the Declaration of Conformity.
In the following table are listed the Directives and the relative Decrees of Implementation of the Italian Government:
Directive |
Italian Decrees of Implementation |
Machinery
89/392/CE
91/368/CE
93/44/CE
93/68/CE
98/37/CE |
DPR n. 459 del 24/07/96 : Regulation for implementation of the Machinery Directive, concerning the rapprochement of the Member States laws, inherent in Machinery.
GU 209 del 06/09/96 |
Low Voltage
73/23/CE
93/68/CE |
D. Lgs 626/96 : Implementation of Directive 93/68/CE (of modification of Low Voltage Directive, 73/23/CE vedi L. 18/10/77 n. 791 GU 293 del 14/12/96) |
Electromagnetic Compatibility
89/336/CE
92/31/CE
93/68/CE |
D. Lgs 04/12/92 n. 476 : Implementation of Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive, 89/336/CE + 92/31/CE + 93/68/CE, cancelled and substituted with :
D.Lgs 12/11/96 n. 615 : implements EMC Directive, incorporating the relative dispositions (EC label of Directive 93/68/CEE) |
THE MACHINERY DIRECTIVE competes to the field of automated closings because the automated closings have been defined "machinery". The Directive is applied to machineries constructed or sold for the first time in Italy after the 21 September 1996, to machineries constructed or sold for the first time in other European countries after the first January 1995, to machineries modified after the 21 September 1996.
Which are the obligations deriving from the Machinery Directive ?
1. the sure and documented planning (technical issue) of the product
2. the writing of the instructions and warnings booklet,
3. the writing of the information for the maintenance,
4. the declaration of conformity to the applicable Directives and
5. CE labelling.
THE LOW VOLTAGE DIRECTIVE competes to the field of closings if electric circuits are present. For Low Voltage is intended the circuits in c.a between 50 Volt and 1,000 Volt and in c.c between 75 Volt and 1,500 Volt.
It is not applied for atmospheres with outbreak danger, radiological atmospheres and with clinical use, for the electrical parts of lifts and elevators, for the specific electrical equipment for means of transport (ships, airplanes, trains, automobiles).
The ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY DIRECTIVE
is applied to every apparatus generating electromagnetic perturbations or being influenced by them. It demands that the produced electromagnetic emissions from the product in object do not interfere with the regular operation of radius apparatuses and telecommunications in proximity and that the product in object is not influenced with danger in its own functions in presence of expectable electromagnetic perturbations.
Normative outline of reference European Regulations
In the European outline of the free market the European Commission charges the European Agencies of standardization to write up the harmonized regulations , than the Member States have the duty to accept legally. Practically these regulations become " over national" regarding the CE and EFTA Member States.
The European Agencies of standardization are the CEN, for the mechanical regulation, and CENELEC (CLC in short), for the electrical regulation. These Agencies name groups of working through the collaboration of the corresponding national normative Agencies. For Italy they are UNI (mechanical sector) and GEI (electrical sector).
In order to complete the outline on the normative Agencies we remember the ISO international normative agency that writes up regulations on international level.
It has to be observed that there is a strict correlation in the ISO normative job with the activities of the normative Agencies of the various countries, CEN and CLC for the CE, ANSI and UL for the USA, JISC for Japan, CSBTS for China, etc.
From that derive that nearly always the world normatives differ from CE regulations only for minimum, often not essential, but sometimes important details.
The standardization assignments are born with the emission of European laws (Directives), which define the concepts that must be respected from the CE Member States. Through the regulations the European Legislator aims to give technical definitions of such concepts, in order to facilitate the understanding and the implementation from the citizens and in order to define classes and levels for the several performances.
It is useful to remember that the classes and the levels facilitate the agreement on the regulations among the regulators of the several European countries, because the different nations finds the possibility to calibrate their own legislation through such classes: every nation can decide different levels for the essential requirements, motivated from the different local situations, like the climate, the specific ethic situations, etc.
In order to allow the free circulation of products different European directives have been elaborated; among these the most influential on the closings sector are the well-known Machinery Directive, Low Voltage Directive, Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive and at last, for all the building sector, the Construction Products Directive.
This last Directive led to write up - through TC 33 Technical Committee of the CEN - a remarkable group of regulations, approximately 150, for the closings, lockings and continuous walls sectors.
For the closings sector the regulations are structured through three norms of product, relative to inner manual closings (Wl 33233), to external windows and pedestrian closings (Wl 33231) and at last to trade industrial closings, for garage and barriers (prEN 13241).
These norms of product make reference to specific regulations on closings, which can be addressed to the products to which the specific norm of product refers, or can be addressed to all the closings products.
Therefore it can be identified a group of general regulations, typically relative to elements of closings or to general specifications of closings, that support all the closings products, for inside, outside or industrial closings.
Then it can be identified an other group of regulations connected with the product under investigation and therefore with: the relative norm of product.
At last, an ulterior product is to be individuated: the automated pedestrian closings, which have their own norm of product even if it is not classified as product norm.
The regulations can then be grouped for arguments, which we reassume in the following list:
. product norms
. norms on the terminology
. environment norms
. norms on the physical emergency (anti-effraction, bullet proof, etc.)
. norms on the mechanical performances
. norms on the automations
. electrical norms
. norms on the accessories
. norms on the fire and smoke performances
. norms on the installation and maintenance
We give the list of norms for the pedestrian closings
Pedestrian Automated closings
prEN 12650-1 Requirements and methods of test for the automated pedestrian closings
prEN the 12650-2 Emergency for the automated pedestrian closings
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